9 Declarations [dcl.dcl]

const int&& foo();
int i;
struct A { double x; };
const A* a = new A();
decltype(foo()) x1 = 17;        // type is const int&&
decltype(i) x2;                 // type is int
decltype(a->x) x3;              // type is double
decltype((a->x)) x4 = x3;       // type is const double&

template<class T> struct A { ~A() = delete; };
template<class T> auto h()
  -> A<T>;
template<class T> auto i(T)     // identity
  -> T;
template<class T> auto f(T)     // #1
  -> decltype(i(h<T>()));       // forces completion of A<T> and implicitly uses A<T>​::​~A()
                                // for the temporary introduced by the use of h().
                                // (A temporary is not introduced as a result of the use of i().)
template<class T> auto f(T)     // #2
  -> void;
auto g() -> void {
  f(42);                        // OK: calls #2. (#1 is not a viable candidate: type deduction
                                // fails ([temp.deduct]) because A<int>​::​~A() is implicitly used in its
                                // decltype-specifier)
}
template<class T> auto q(T)
  -> decltype((h<T>()));        // does not force completion of A<T>; A<T>​::​~A() is not implicitly
                                // used within the context of this decltype-specifier
void r() {
  q(42);                        // error: deduction against q succeeds, so overload resolution selects
                                // the specialization “q(T) -> decltype((h<T>()))” with T$=$int;
                                // the return type is A<int>, so a temporary is introduced and its
                                // destructor is used, so the program is ill-formed
}